Python Basics

Python is a simple, easy-to-learn programming language that’s perfect for beginners. It uses clean, readable syntax that feels like writing plain English, making it a great first language for anyone new to coding.

In the beginning, you’ll learn how to install Python on your computer, explore popular code editors like VS Code and PyCharm, and write your very first Python program.

You’ll also understand how Python code runs, how to use the Python interpreter, and get comfortable with basic tools that make coding fun and efficient.

This foundation sets you up for all the exciting things you’ll build with Python!

1. Introduction to Python

Overview of Python
Installation and Setup
Python IDEs (PyCharm, VSCode, etc.)
Writing and Running Your First Python Program

2. Basic Syntax and Operations

Variables and Data Types
Basic Input and Output
Arithmetic, Comparison, and Logical Operators
Python Comments and Documentation

3. Control Flow

Conditional Statements (if, elif, else)
Looping Constructs (for, while)
break, continue, pass Statements

4. Data Structures

Lists

Creating, Accessing, and Modifying Lists
List Methods

Tuples

Differences between Lists and Tuples

Dictionaries

Key-Value Pairs, Common Methods

Sets

Creating Sets, Set Operations

5. Functions

Defining and Calling Functions
Function Arguments (positional, keyword, default)
Return Statements
Lambda Functions
Scope of Variables (local, global)

6. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Introduction to Classes and Objects
Constructors and Destructors
Class and Instance Variables
Methods (instance, class, static)
Inheritance, Polymorphism, and Encapsulation
Magic Methods and Operator Overloading

7. File Handling

Reading and Writing Text Files
File Methods (open, read, write, close)
Working with CSV Files

8. Error Handling

Types of Errors (syntax, runtime)
Exception Handling (try, except, finally)
Custom Exceptions

9. Modules and Packages

Importing Built-in and External Modules
Creating Custom Modules
Package Structure and Importing

10. Visual Studio Code

Installing and Setting Up VS Code
Creating and Running Python Files
Visual Studio Code Plugins

11. Google Colab

What is Google Colab?
Using Google Colab for Python Programming
Uploading and Downloading Files
Running Code in the Cloud
Sharing and Collaboration Features

12. PIP and Virtual Environment

Introduction to pip
Installing Packages using pip
Upgrading and Uninstalling Packages
What is a Virtual Environment?
Creating a Virtual Environment with venv
Activating and Deactivating the Environment
Managing Dependencies with requirements.txt